Since the freight transport mostly incorporates several modes and transshipments, the uncertainty issue becomes more and more important.This uncertainty can be influenced by several factors, which essentially affect the transportation cost.This paper presents a stochastic discrete optimization model for designing multimodal freight transportation n

Bahan utama pengomposan dalam penelitian ini adalah sayur dan sabut kelapa sebagai bulking agent.Kedua bahan tersebut digunakan karena ketersediannya yang melimpah di BOXERS lokasi penelitian yaitu Pasar Puspa Agro, Sidoarjo.Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penambahan bulking agent dan metode pengomposan.Penambahan bulking agent

Fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) are an important pest for horticultural crops, especially fruits and vegetables.One of the most effective and eco-friendly methods to control male and female fruit flies is by usingtraps that use Methyl Eugenol (ME) block plus fruit essence as an attractant.The purposes of this research were to acquire the most effecti

An adaptive learning pigeon-inspired optimization based on mutation disturbance (ALPIO) is proposed for solving the problems of fuel consumption and threat avoidance in spacecraft cluster orbit reconstruction.First, considering the Detox Support constraints of maintaining a safe distance between adjacent spacecraft within the spacecraft cluster and